有机肥配施下抗生素对紫色土坡面C、N流失特性的影响
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1.西南大学资源环境学院长江经济带农业绿色发展研究中心;2.广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所,广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,农业农村部甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室(广西);3.中国农业大学资源与环境学院

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国家自然科学基金项目(NOU20A2047)和国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1901404)资助


Effects of Organic Fertilizer Combined with Antibiotics on C and N Erosion Loss of Purple Soil Slope
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1.Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin,College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University;2.Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;3.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning;4.College of Resources and Environmental Science,National Academy of Agriculture Green Development,China Agricultural University;5.Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation,University of Queensland,St Lucia ,Australia

Fund Project:

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. NOU20A2047) and the National Key R&D Program Project of China (No. 2022YFD1901404)

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    摘要:

    有机肥替代是实现农业废弃物资源化利用的有效途径,但畜禽排泄物中的抗生素会对微生物介导的土壤碳(C)和氮(N)过程产生影响,水力侵蚀过程中抗生素残留对土壤C、N流失的叠加效应并不明确。本文以西南地区坡耕地典型紫色土为研究对象,分析有机肥配施下抗生素对紫色土坡面侵蚀以及C、N流失特性的影响。结果表明:(1)有机肥配施显著降低了坡面产流产沙量以及土壤总有机碳(TOC)、全氮(TN)的侵蚀损失量。(2)土壤抗生素暴露对有机肥减蚀无显著影响,其中土霉素(OTC)以径流损失为主,恩诺沙星(ENR)以沉积物损失为主。(3)土壤抗生素暴露对土壤C流失的影响不显著,但显著加剧了土壤N的流失。抗生素改变了土壤和侵蚀沉积物的微生物群落结构,这可能是导致侵蚀过程中土壤N流失增加的主要原因。(4)这两种抗生素对土壤C、N流失的影响不同,ENR浓度与土壤TOC和硝态氮(NO– 3-N)的损失浓度存在显著正相关关系。与不含抗生素的有机肥配施相比,抗生素OTC和ENR增加了土壤C、N流失比例,分别为0.80%~2.94%和22.77%~37.73%。综上,有机肥配施可以实现减少坡耕地水土流失和养分流失的效果,但侵蚀过程中伴随抗生素的暴露会显著增加土壤N流失的风险。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】Partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer is an effective approach for the resource utilization of agricultural wastes in China. Nevertheless environmental exposure to veterinary antibiotics from livestock manure leads to the risk of environmental pollution. Antibiotics can limit the activity of soil microorganisms that play a pivotal role in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling within soil systems. However, the combined impact of soil antibiotic residue through the soil hydraulic erosion process on soil C and N loss of slope farmland remains unclear. A deep understanding of this mechanism is important for the prevention of nutrient loss and control of non-point source pollution of slope farmland in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. 【Method】In this study, indoor hydraulic erosion experiments with artificial rainfall were conducted to simulate the process of antibiotics"" impact on C and N erosion loss, and five treatments were set up: 1) CK, no fertilization control; 2) NP, only chemical fertilizer; 3) OMNP, organic fertilizer substituting 30% chemical phosphorus fertilizer; 4) OMNPT, oxytetracycline (OTC) contaminated organic fertilizer substituting 30% chemical phosphorus fertilizer; and 5) OMNPQ, enrofloxacin (ENR) contaminated organic fertilizer substituting 30% chemical phosphorus fertilizer. 【Result】The results showed that: (1) Compared with the application of chemical fertilizer, partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer significantly reduced the hydraulic erosion of slope land; however, organic fertilizer with antibiotics exposure had no significant effect on erosion process compared to OMNP. (2) The residual concentrations of OTC and ENR in soil were 32.30 μg·kg-1 and 25.55 μg·kg-1, respectively. OTC loss was dominated by runoff (loss mass, 178.60 μg) while ENR loss was dominated by sediment (loss mass, 79.18 μg). (3) Compared with the application of chemical fertilizer only, partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer significantly reduced total organic carbon (TOC) loss by 8.94% to 11.54%, mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) loss by 11.23% to 13.97%, total nitrogen (TN) loss by 22.00%, nitrate nitrogen (NO– 3-N) loss by 29.68%, and ammonium nitrogen (NH+ 4-N) loss by 27.81%. The application of organic fertilizer with antibiotics exposure had no significant effect on the loss of TOC, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC) and MAOC, but increased the risk of soil N loss. Compared with the organic fertilizer without antibiotics, the loss fluxes of TN, NO– 3-N and NH+ 4-N in organic fertilizer with antibiotics exposure replacing chemical fertilizer were significantly increased by 22.77% to 37.73%, 19.46% to 22.77% and 190.10% to 253.38%, respectively. Also, it was observed that antibiotics altered the microbial community structure of soil and sediment, which was probably the main cause of increased soil nitrogen loss during erosion processes. (4) Pearson correlation analysis revealed that antibiotic exposure suppressed bacterial abundance and microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and promoted C and N loss. However, the two antibiotics had different effects on soil C and N loss, and only ENR exposure concentration had significant effects on TOC loss and NO– 3-N loss. Compared with the application of organic fertilizer without antibiotics, antibiotics (OTC and ENR) increased the proportion of soil C and N loss by 0.80% to 2.94% and 22.77% to 37.73%, respectively. 【Conclusion】The partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer can reduce soil erosion and nutrient loss of slope land. However, this action may also result in the contamination of soil with antibiotics, which could subsequently lead to the increased nitrogen loss of slope farmland.

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冯 桦,方林发,吴昌杰,肖 然,郎 明,邓 燕,Prakash Lakshmanan,马黎华,李兆磊,张福锁,陈新平.有机肥配施下抗生素对紫色土坡面C、N流失特性的影响[J].土壤学报,2025,62(4). DOI:10.11766/trxb202404290177 FENG Hua, FANG Linfa, WU Changjie, XIAO Ran, LANG Ming, DENG Yan, Prakash Lakshmanan, MA Lihua, LI Zhaolei, ZHANG Fusuo, CHEN Xinping. Effects of Organic Fertilizer Combined with Antibiotics on C and N Erosion Loss of Purple Soil Slope[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2025,62(4).

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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-29
  • 最后修改日期:2024-09-28
  • 录用日期:2024-10-31
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-11-18
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